Al Davos World Economic Forum, the elite of the elite (for better or for worse, to please everyone) comes together to draw up plans for the future of the planet.
Here are a few Forecasts made by participants from various sectors. They envisioned 2030 from the point of view of their field of activity, and this plurality of facets is quite curious and interesting. Here are some that I collected from the various statements of the Forum concluded on January 24 (then the Coronavirus it caught my attention, and unfortunately I don't have the gift of ubiquity).
AI will cause a productivity boom
Erik Brynjolfsson, director of the MIT Initiative on the Digital Economy (USA)
Machine learning has advanced tremendously over the past decade, but since 2004, productivity growth in the United States has declined by 50%. It is not uncommon with powerful new general purpose technologies to first see a decline in productivity growth followed immediately by an increase in it. It takes time. With the steam engine came the rise of industrialization. With electricity, factories were totally reinvented. Computers have obviously changed many aspects of society, but e-commerce is still a minority of total retail, 25 years after Amazon started. This is why machine learning will also take a while to propagate through the economy. What is needed are investments in new skills and businesses that are willing to fundamentally rethink their supply chains, their relationships with customers and the type of products and services they offer. When they do, conceivably by 2030, productivity will skyrocket.
Africa will be a testing ground for human-robot coexistence
Wanuri Kahiu, science fiction writer and director (Kenya)
Just as Kenya has been a place where digital payment technologies have taken off, I think it will become a testbed for how people interact with AI and robots. Barriers to entry are low and there are few laws or social mores around AI, so it's like a blank slate for experiments in coexistence between humans and machines. In Kinshasa almost 10 years ago they installed robotic traffic policemen and people obeyed them more than human police, because the robots were not corrupt. There is a lot of potential for localized AI applications to help Africa address African problems, which is important because by 2050, one in four people in the world will be African.
Consumers will have more power and more protection
Helena Leurent, General Manager, Consumers International (UK)
By 2030, consumers will organize data trusts that better safeguard their rights. They will be able to negotiate how their data is used and control the organizations that manage it. For example, consumers may want their data trusts to connect directly to farmers who ensure they use sustainable growing practices. Consumers would get better prices and have more information about what they are buying; farmers could obtain data and guarantees on purchasing desires and would be able to differentiate their products. These “agricultural data commons” they could spark innovation in products and services that offer consumers both greater choice and greater sustainability.
The dollar will no longer be the reserve currency of the world
Michael Casey, chief content officer, CoinDesk (US)
The dollar is the reserve currency due to its stability. If companies from two different countries sign a contract with payment due within 90 days, they set the transaction in dollars to protect themselves from exchange rate fluctuations. But when there are digital currencies with programmable smart contracts that can convert at an agreed rate and keep the collateral payment until it's due, the dollar will no longer be needed. This means that the benefits to traditional US companies by 2030 will diminish, but innovative, decentralized and world-oriented companies will succeed.
We will recognize the fragility of XNUMXth century infrastructure
Genevieve Bell, director, 3A Institute and senior fellow, Intel (Australia)
For the last six weeks my country, Australia, has been on fire and I think 2030 looks like the world I live in now. Primo, because the climate is changing faster and faster. Secondo, because Australians suddenly have to think a lot more about how to make both their personal and government data accessible so they can get timely fire projections, evacuation requests, air quality reports and so on. And third, because we will have to deal with the fact that all the infrastructures of the 20th century (electricity, water, communications, civil society itself) are fragile. This fragility will make it more difficult to achieve the 21st century, which could be a century of "repairs" rather than innovations.
We will grow plastics – and other materials – from plants
Zachary Bogue, managing partner, Data Collective Venture Capital (USA)
For the last 80 or 90 years our innovation in materials has been driven by oil. We have recombined petroleum compounds into fuels, plastics, drugs, and so on. Over the next few years and until 2030, genetic engineering will open up an exponentially larger design space than oil to create new materials that will allow us to live more sustainably and advance the economy. It's already starting to happen: one of the companies we invest in produces a microbe that produces a palm oil substitute, for example. What enables all of this are massive increases in computing power and artificial intelligence that allow the necessary metabolic pathways to be modeled and engineered.
Chinese phones will dominate
Ronaldo Lemos, director, Institute for Technology and Society of Rio (Brazil)
By 2030, the most famous mobile phone brands in the world will be Chinese and will manage their own operating system, halving the market penetration of Android.
Global supply chains will crumble and poor countries will suffer
Sharan Burrow, Secretary General, International Trade Union Confederation (Australia)
3D printing, automation and robotics will cause enormous localization of manufacturing. If I can go to my local store and say I want my jeans with four stripes and three pockets and I want them now, the entire fashion industry is at risk. Food production will also become more local, and efforts to reduce carbon footprints will change consumption patterns. Therefore, the supply chains on which global trade relies (dehumanizing though they are) will disappear, leaving behind even more desperate poverty. What we need are alternative ways of decent work. Childcare, healthcare, eldercare, education. We need to invest in human infrastructure, support and services.
Small businesses will use supercomputers
Peter Ungaro, CEO, Cray (USA)
There are hundreds of companies that produce components for automotive manufacturers. Today they use small computer systems to make CAD drawings of their parts and use simulations. In 2030, because of all the sensors that will be out there generating data, they will have data sets 10, 100, 1.000 times larger than today that they can compute on, changing the way they model their parts. The technology with which they will do this will be like a mini supercomputer. Some places will have one on-site and others will simply access via the cloud. And it won't have to be one of these machines that today fill two basketball courts and consume 30 megawatts. They will be as small as a normal PC cabinet today.
