Hygiene is important. Fundamental, I dare say. And when it comes to solar panels, things get even more serious. "Soiling", contamination by dust, leaves, debris and bird droppings causes a sometimes sharp drop in their energy efficiency. For this reason, researchers and companies study and develop solutions to make solar panels self-cleaning, eliminating the need for manual cleaning interventions.
In "pole position" two self-cleaning solutions that represent a real turning point for photovoltaics. I'll explain them to you briefly.
An electrostatic "beat" to remove dirt
At MIT, researchers have created a “contactless” and waterless system. It uses electrostatic repulsion to knock dust particles off the surface of solar panels. A simple electrode slides just above the surface, charging dust particles, which are then repelled by a charge applied to the panel itself. I link the study here.
A “tap” that can be activated automatically thanks to a small motor. Obviously electric. Before continuing, to the foreseeable objections from social comments, I will warn you: the energy necessary for the repelling impulse is enormously lower than that obtained by keeping the panels clean. Don't you believe it? Read the studies, THEN comment.
The power of a “laser surface”
Il Fraunhofer IWS in Germany has developed a different approach. Completely passive. An approach based on laser-surface texturing, called Direct Laser Interference Patterning (DLIP).
DLIP technology (here are more details) creates high-performance, self-cleaning surfaces with reduced friction. With this process, solar panels can selectively clean themselves, without the use of water, acquiring ultra-hydrophobic properties.
Self-cleaning panels: the end of the maintenance of photovoltaic systems?
These innovative methods could mark the beginning of a new era for solar panel maintenance. If validated, they could offer advantageous options for keeping solar panels clean and improving energy efficiency without the need for cleaning interventions and with considerable water savings.
It goes without saying that the introduction of these innovative solutions will have a significant impact on the solar sector and the environment. It will lead to greater adoption of this renewable technology around the world. Especially in arid and semi-arid areas where soiling is a more serious problem.
Not just panels
Cleaning technologies based on electrostatics and laser texturing could find further applications beyond solar panel maintenance.
Le electrostatic solutions could be applied in other industries that require self-cleaning surfaces for frequent, non-touch cleaning. Examples? The maintenance of building glass, astronomical mirrors and telescopes, or sensitive electronic equipment.
The DLIP approach, however, could be used to create anti-icing surfaces on aircraft wings. This would improve safety and reduce the need for defrosting.
Self-cleaning years
Advances in research and development of self-cleaning solutions for i solar panels they promise to revolutionize the way these devices are maintained and managed.
As we adopt these innovative technologies, we will see increased energy efficiency and decreased maintenance costs associated with solar systems.
For a cleaner future. Literally.
