Memory research has taken a big step forward thanks to research published online at Frontiers in Computational Neuroscience (I link it to you here). The study, the result of joint work by Wake Forest and the USC team led by Dr. Robert Hampson, professor specializing in regenerative medicine, translational neuroscience and neurology, resumes previous research from 2018. The research of the time (I'll link that too) had shown the effectiveness of a prosthetic system that exploits individual memory patterns to enhance the brain's ability to encode and retrieve memories. And now, in 6 years we have gone from theory to practice.
From mathematical models to "prosthetics" to recapture memories
Imagine that the brain is like a very advanced computer that uses electricity to save and remember the things we experience, such as where we put our keys or a good time with friends. In this study, scientists created a kind of “electronic helper” that follows mathematical rules to understand how this brain computer works, especially in a part called the hippocampus, which is very important in helping us remember.
At first, they experimented with this helper to see how it could improve the way the brain saves and retrieves memories. Then they improved their method to make the hippocampus remember things more easily. It's a bit like updating computer software to make it work better.
The memory decoding model (MDM)
When the brain attempts to store or retrieve specific memories, distinct groups of cells work together to activate or retain information. The researchers used recordings of this brain activity to devise a memory decoding model (MDM).
This model allowed them to decipher the neural activity associated with storing different pieces of specific information. The decoded neural activity was then translated into a pattern or code, used to administer neurostimulation to the hippocampus during memory retrieval processes. By the way: you saw Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind" ("If you leave me I delete you")? It was 2004. Only 20 years have passed since the science fiction of that film.
The tests
To test the effectiveness of the method, the team recruited 14 adults with epilepsy who underwent a diagnostic brain mapping procedure that involved the surgical implantation of electrodes in various regions of the brain. During visual memory tasks, the researchers administered MDM electrical stimulations to evaluate their impact on memory retention.
The results revealed significant improvements in memory retrieval among participants who received the stimulation. Currently, around 22% of them have shown noticeable improvements in performance.
Recover lost memories, future perspectives
The researchers highlight the need for further studies to refine the technology and unlock its full potential in memory recovery. There is hope that advances in MDM-based stimulation could allow individuals to live more independently, helping them with critical tasks such as medication management and home safety.
This and other research into memory and neural technologies are at the center of an evolution that could transform the way we treat diseases such as Alzheimer's, ictus and brain injuries. New avenues are opening up in understanding how the brain works, and new hope for millions of people who suffer from memory disorders.
We are getting closer and closer to the possibility of recovering lost memories and significantly improving the quality of life.
