Imagine being able to repair torn ligaments as effectively as an eggshell protects its fragile contents. This is the goal of the revolutionary discovery by a team of researchers from McGill University in Canada. Inspired by the way the eggshell anchors itself to the inner membrane, scientists have identified a series of mineral “nanopins” that create a solid and flexible interface between two very different materials. Very different: one hard and rigid, the other soft and flexible.
This discovery could have a significant impact on reconstructive surgery. In particular for the repair of ligaments such as the anterior cruciate ligament, which often requires further interventions due to failure of the implant.
Eggshell “nanopins” as a model for surgery
The eggshell is a truly ingenious structure. It is formed in just 20 hours from a set of organic fibers and is made up of a rigid, calcareous external part and a flexible, moist internal membrane. The two parts are firmly anchored to each other thanks to many tiny mineral pins that the shell sends into the membrane.
This structure offers several advantages:
- Strength and endurance: the shell is able to protect the fragile embryo inside from impacts and pressure.
- Flexibility: the internal membrane allows the shell to adapt to the size of the growing chick.
- Water resistance: the shell prevents the penetration of bacteria and other pathogens.
Applications in ligament surgery
Researchers at McGill University believe, as mentioned, that eggshell "nanopins" can be used to improve ligament repair techniques. The idea is to create biocompatible materials with these "nanopins" capable of firmly anchoring soft tissues to hard ones, preventing detachment and promoting faster and longer-lasting healing.
Once again biomimicry opens up new possibilities: in the future, this technology could be used to repair not only ligaments, but also other tissues such as bones, cartilage and tendons.
If you wish to delve deeper into the topic, you can consult the original article published in the iScience magazine, I link it here.
