Something really special is about to happen in space, thanks to the Proba-3 mission of ESA, the European space agency. This time, the goal is to launch two probes that will work together to do something never seen before: create artificial eclipses.
Beware of those two
The Proba-3 mission stands out for its innovative nature. Two space probes, Coronagraph e Hide, they will work in perfect synchronization to simulate eclipses in space. This unconventional method will allow scientists to study the solar corona with unprecedented frequency and precision.
The corona, a small summary, is that (external) part of the sun that still hides many secrets, and which could soon reveal new aspects thanks to this initiative.
The ballet of the probes
The orbit of the two probes will be elliptical and prolonged. During each rotation, which lasts about 19,5 hours, the probes will align for six hours in a formation that simulates an eclipse. The distance between them will be approximately 144 meters, no more and no less: precision is essential for the success of the experiment.
Why? To ensure that the probes end up "hitting" each other. I'll rephrase that: to make the Occulter's shadow block sunlight to the Coronagraph's solar panels. An aspect that demonstrates how unlikely the technological challenge of this mission is.
From eclipses a new era of solar observations
Earthly eclipses offer precious moments to observe the solar corona, but they are brief and rare. Proba-3 will change this scenario, providing researchers with high-quality data on an almost daily basis. In-depth study of the corona will help better understand solar storms and solar wind generation, as well as measure the sun's total energy output. And this is data that is of crucial importance for understanding the impact of the sun on the Earth.
The enthusiasm for the launch of the mission is palpable, and in Belgium the manufacturing company has already shown complete prototypes. General plan? A real solar eclipse, the one on April 8th, visible in North America. Based on these results, a date will presumably be set in September 2024.
The implications of this mission will go far beyond simple space observation. They will influence our understanding of the sun and its impact on daily life. In this dance between technology and science, Proba-3 is preparing to take the next step.
