What if we told you that your next reconstructive surgery could involve a creature that makes you shudder? leeches, long associated with horror films and questionable ancient medical practices, are experiencing a surprising scientific renaissance. Their saliva, a cocktail of over 100 beneficial substances, is surprising modern medicine.
A story of rediscovery
La Medicinal leech, once quite widespread, is now a rare species. Habitat loss and intensive collection for medical purposes have brought it to the brink of extinction in many areas. In Ireland, it completely disappeared in the 19th century. But now it London Zoo has made a historic breakthrough: for the first time, he managed to breed these animals in captivity.
From ancient practice to modern medicine
The Use of Leeches in Medicine it even dates back to 1500 BC, as they testify the decorations of Egyptian tombs. In 1884, scientists identified in their saliva a powerful anticoagulant called hirudin. The "hirudotherapy” has made its return in the 60 years and has spread widely since the 80s. Today, surgeons use them regularly to improve the success of amputated finger reattachment surgeries, as their saliva prevents post-operative clotting in the veins. Research, as mentioned, has identified Over 100 substances in leech saliva useful for medicine, among which anti-inflammatory agents, antibiotics e painkillers. When a leech bites, it releases these compounds into the patient's bloodstream, increasing blood flow and protecting the wound from infection.
Leeches have a remarkable ability to ingest blood without it clotting inside them, which would be fatal for them.
Leeches, extraordinary creatures
These animals are much more sophisticated than you might think. They have tiny sensory structures called sensilla. 1that allow them to detect water movement and light. Some species, including the Medicinal leech, have up to five pairs of eyes on their heads. They are also caring parents: some species transfer nutrients to their young through their bodies, similar to a placenta.
The Future of Leeches
The birth of 40 small medicinal leeches at London Zoo This year marks a turning point for the conservation of the species. These new born animals offer hope that we can strengthen fragmented wild populations and secure a future for both the species and its medical benefits. In an age where we are increasingly looking for sustainable and natural solutions in medicine, these once feared creatures remind us that sometimes the most effective answers are found in the very nature we have neglected.
